Secondary Bacterial Infections
Symptoms
Secondary infection of eczematous or traumatized skin presents with increased redness, oozing, crusting, and pain. A sudden flare of previously controlled dermatitis may signal infection. Pustules or golden crusts indicate staph involvement. Foul odor and swelling can develop in severe cases. Fever is uncommon but possible with extensive infection.
Cause
Compromised skin barriers in eczema, wounds, or insect bites allow colonizing bacteria—most commonly Staphylococcus aureus—to invade. Scratching introduces pathogens deeper into the skin. Moist environments and occlusive dressings foster bacterial growth. Antibiotic resistance such as MRSA complicates treatment. Repeated flares without proper care perpetuate infection cycles.
Treatment
Topical or oral antibiotics targeting staph effectively treat mild to moderate infections. Dilute bleach baths and antiseptic washes decrease bacterial load. Optimizing dermatitis control with anti‑inflammatories prevents recurrence. Addressing scratching behavior through antihistamines or behavioral measures reduces breaks in the skin. Severe cases may need systemic therapy and wound culture guidance.
Dr. Beth Schulz-Butulis
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