Seborrheic Dermatitis of the Scalp
Symptoms
Seborrheic dermatitis causes redness, itching, and flaking of the scalp. The flakes are often greasy and yellow or white. Affected areas may feel tender or irritated. In severe cases, thick crusts can form. Itching can vary from mild to intense. Symptoms often flare in colder months or during periods of stress. In infants, this condition is commonly called “cradle cap.” It can also extend to the eyebrows, ears, or sides of the nose.
Cause
The condition is thought to be related to overgrowth of Malassezia yeast on the scalp, combined with a heightened inflammatory response. It is more common in individuals with oily skin. Other risk factors include Parkinson’s disease, HIV/AIDS, and certain neurological or immune conditions. Hormonal fluctuations and stress can exacerbate symptoms. It is not caused by poor hygiene. Seborrheic dermatitis is not contagious. It can occur at any age but is more common in adults and infants.
Treatment
Treatment typically includes medicated shampoos containing ingredients like ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione, or salicylic acid. Topical corticosteroids or antifungals may be used during flares. Regular shampooing and scalp hygiene can help manage symptoms. In resistant cases, oral antifungal medications may be prescribed. Maintenance therapy is often needed, as the condition tends to recur. Gentle brushing can help remove flakes. Avoiding harsh hair products and reducing stress can minimize flare-ups. For infants, gentle washing with baby shampoo and soft brushing is usually sufficient.
Dr. Beth Schulz-Butulis
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